operational definition of sleep

Click below to check out other exclusive SleepFoundation discounts. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Thorpy MJ chairman, editor. Alves DS, Pavarini SCI, Luchesi BM, Ottaviani AC, Cardoso JFZ, Inouye K. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. Excessive sleepiness is an important problem in the US population, even when using restrictive criteria to define it. For example, if you were doing a Am J Med. Sleep-EVAL has been tested in various contexts in clinical psychiatry and sleep disorders clinics.13,14 In psychiatry, values have ranged from 0.44 (schizophrenia disorders) to 0.78 (major depressive disorder). Conceptual and Operational Definitions of the Defining Characteristics and Related Factors of the Diagnosis Ineffective Health Management in People With Heart Failure. Int J Nurs Knowl. Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. That amount also changes with age. Products or services advertised on this page may be offered by an entity that is affiliated with us. Bookshelf A person who is depressed usually experiences several of the following symptoms: feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or pessimism; lowered self-esteem and heightened self-depreciation; a Ohayon MM, Priest RG, Zulley J, Smirne S, Paiva T. Prevalence of narcolepsy symptomatology and diagnosis in the European general population. To avoid these problems, its important to avoid sleep deprivation. Plagiarism is never tolerated. The NHLBI is the nation's leader in the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, blood and sleep disorders. Children and teens need even more nightly sleep than adults. (2012). Sleep Health. 2012;35(6):727734. Sleep deprivation The purpose of this article is to consider objective measures of the subjective sleep quality experience. Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty with falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. Excessive sleepiness with associated symptoms was found in 15.6% of the participants (95% CI, 15.0%16.2%). 2021 Jun 28;29:e3439. Discriminant analysis, accompanied by a jackknifed classification procedure, was used to identify ES variables that best discriminate individuals with impairment/distress associated with their symptoms of ES. Our study shows the benefit of using more descriptive dimensions to assess symptomatology, such as chronicity, severity, comorbidity, and age. For this reason, it is important to refuse to accept a lack of sleep as normal and instead focus on sleeping more and getting higher quality rest. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. Let us help improve your quality of life through better sleep. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Biotechnology Information, Best Anti-Snoring Mouthpieces & Mouthguards, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30452725/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29073412/, https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sleep-deprivation-and-deficiency, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23008180/, https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1389945716301368, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22942500/, https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-understanding-sleep, https://journals.lww.com/co-cardiology/Abstract/2016/09000/Sleep__important_considerations_for_the_prevention.12.aspx, https://www.nature.com/articles/nrendo.2009.23, https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms3259, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-011-1044-0, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25861266/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28928187/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19910503/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22709334/, https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/drowsy_driving.html, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK19958/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28983434/, Link Between Sleep Apnea and Heart Disease. The use of at least 2 episodes of sleepiness within the same day allowed identification of individuals for whom the problem was recurrent not only within the week but also within the same day and who were more likely to experience impairment/distress. The presence of one of the symptoms reported herein clearly is a requisite for the identification of a hypersomnia disorder. Trusted Source At the threshold (criterion B) and at the positive diagnostic levels, sex, education, and race/ethnicity were no longer significant. Finally, confusional arousal (or sleep drunkenness) occurring at least 3 times a week was reported by 7.7% of the sample (Table 2). Moreover, sleep is guided by sleep/wake cycles and circadian rhythm. Human brain mapping, 35(1), 257269. Acute sleep deprivation raises the risk of unintentional errors and accidents. Nature communications, 4, 2259. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3259, 78385. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! The distinction between the two is clear (now). Trusted Source (2012). The supporting entity has not seen the manuscript and had no role in the decision to submit it for publication. Vernet C, Arnulf I. Idiopathic hypersomnia with and without long sleep time: a controlled series of 75 patients. caused by drowsy driving Despite being used commonly in sleep medicine, the term sleep quality has not been rigorously defined. Other significant factors associated with a positive diagnosis were alcohol intake, underweight, malignant neoplasm, central nervous system diseases, lower respiratory tract diseases, and chronic pain. The most important predictor was the number of ES episodes within the same day, with a threshold of at least 2 episodes within the same day strongly predicting impairment/distress. National Library of Medicine, Biotech Information Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders: an opportunity for prevention? in the United States alone. The site is secure. Conceptual and operational definition of the components of the nursing diagnosis hypothermia (00006) in the perioperative period. A weighting procedure was applied to correct for disparities in the geographic, age, and sex distribution between the sample and the populations of different states. Frequency per week of moderate to severe daytime sleepiness, III. Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., ODonnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J. National Sleep Foundations sleep time duration recommendations: Methodology and results summary. An operational definition describes exactly what the variables are and how they are measured within the context of your study. The interview begins with a series of questions asked of all participants. View Source A recent literature review5 reported that studies presenting a prevalence of ES occurring at least 3 times per week ranged from 4% to 20.6%. (2017, March 21). In H. R. Colten & B. M. Altevogt (Eds. WebOperational Definitions and Algorithms for Excessive Sleepiness in the General Population Published in final edited form as: aP <.001. Webslept slept ; sleeping; sleeps intransitive verb 1 : to rest in a state of sleep 2 : to be in a state (as of quiescence or death) resembling sleep 3 : to have sexual relations usually used with with was sleeping with a coworker see also sleep together transitive verb 1 : to be It was also less prevalent in the sample. Int J Nurs Knowl. Our team of writers, editors, and medical experts rigorously evaluates each article to ensure the information is accurate and exclusively cites reputable sources. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual. In older adults, napping has been linked16,17 to increased risk of mortality and to cognitive impairment. Sleep: The body's rest cycle. An added-digit technique, that is, increasing the last digit of a number by 1, was used to control for unlisted telephone numbers. seven to nine hours Read our full, National Library of Medicine, Biotech Information. The site is secure. In summary, at the basic level, reports of ES have a prevalence of approximately 27.8%. Don't be surprised if none of them want the spotl One goose, two geese. BMJ open, 7(9), e016873. Epub 2015 Nov 9. Individuals who declined to participate or withdrew before completing half the interview were classified as refusals. A protocol for a meta-analytic review of randomised controlled trials. These 2 variables also had the highest correlation with the other variables. government site. This pattern appears to be a stronger indicator of a hypersomnia disorder, especially when sleep duration is within a normal range. Kim, T. W., Jeong, J. H., & Hong, S. C. (2015). English, The presence of an excessive quantity of sleep has usually been assessed by asking participants whether they were getting too much sleep.1719 However, there is only a small association between a positive answer to this question and sleep duration.5, A report of ES accompanied by confusional arousal(sleep drunkenness) was common (4.4%) in our sample. As much as 27.8% (95% CI, 27.1%28.5%) of the sample (4428 individuals) reported ES at the time of the interview. Ohayon M, Wickwire EM, Hirshkowitz M, Albert SM, Avidan A, Daly FJ, et al. To accommodate contemporary lifestyles and economic demands, the period of wakefulness has been extended at the expense of sleep time. According to Wu, there are two main processes that regulate sleep: circadian rhythms and sleep drive. Circadian rhythms are controlled by a biological clock located in the brain. One key function of this clock is responding to light cues, ramping up production of the hormone melatonin at night, then switching it off when it senses light. Websleep disorders like insomnia, restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea use of medications or drugs In children and teens, causes of sleep deprivation can also include: the onset of puberty large adenoids and tonsils, which can cause breathing problems during sleep physiologic shift in sleep onset to later times of the night Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Inaccurate or unverifiable information will be removed prior to publication. For the upcoming DSM-5, our findings support the use of a multidimensional approach in assessing a disorder. 2017 Apr;28(2):76-87. doi: 10.1111/2047-3095.12124. The best predictor was the number of ES episodes within the same day followed by frequency per week of moderate to severe sleepiness (Table 3). Delivered to your inbox! Rand health quarterly, 6(4), 11. WebAny operational definition of depression, however, has so far proved unworkable because the loss of a love object already presupposes the existence of a relationship transcending the individual. With the DSM-IV definition, which used only excessive quantity of sleep, we would have a prevalence of 0.5% for hypersomnia disorder. 2015;1(4):233243. Rev Bras Enferm. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The primary signs and symptoms of sleep deprivation include excessive daytime sleepiness and daytime impairment such as reduced concentration, slower thinking, and mood changes. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Calhoun SL, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. integrative review in the following databases: COCHRANE; SCOPUS; MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) via Pubmed; LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature Database); CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and EMBASE (The Excerpta Medical Database). Students represented 6.4% of the participants; 4% were unemployed and 13.2% were homemakers. During NREM sleep, the breathing and heart Although reports of ES were common in our sample (27.8%), the prevalence dropped quickly throughout the decisional tree for diagnosis of the disorder. sleep deficiency or sleep insufficiency Select which best describes your sleep challenges or goals: What elements of your sleep environment would you like to improve? The National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information. Sleep. This population-based description is more comprehensive than that in DSM-IV and includes not only individuals with ES related to the quantity of sleep but also those with ES related to a decreased quality of wakefulness despite a normal sleep duration. Besedovsky, L., Lange, T., & Born, J. The impact of sleep and circadian disturbance on hormones and metabolism. , so a persistent lack of sleep creates significant risks to physical and mental health: Given these diverse and important impacts of sleep deprivation, it comes as no surprise that studies have found insufficient sleep to be tied with a Interviews were carried out using Sleep-EVAL, a knowledge-based expert system for use in epidemiologic studies, focusing on sleep, as well as physical and mental disorders, according to classification in DSM-IV and the second edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders. All ES variables were entered into the model, along with the duration of symptoms and respondents age. depression, in psychology, a mood or emotional state that is marked by feelings of low self-worth or guilt and a reduced ability to enjoy life. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). For example, sleep apnea, a breathing disorder that induces dozens of nightly awakenings, may hinder both sleep duration and quality. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center, Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California (Dr Ohayon); Centre de Rfrence Nationale Maladie RareNarcolepsie et Hypersomnie Idiopathique, Service de Neurologie, Hpital Gui-de-Chauliac, Montpellier, France (Dr Dauvilliers); and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Reynolds), Correspondence: Maurice M. Ohayon, MD, DSc, PhD, Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3430 W Bayshore Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94303 (, The publisher's final edited version of this article is available at. Heritability of performance deficit accumulation during acute sleep deprivation in twins. as well as over $400B in See this image and copyright information in PMC. An illustration of this difference is that people who are sleep deprived because of a busy work schedule usually have no problems sleeping longer on weekends to try to catch up on sleep. This is a type of hypersomnia. WebPoor sleep quality has significant adverse health outcomes. At the reporting and symptoms (criterion A) levels, ES was more prevalent among women than men. Interviews took place between June 2003 and November 2009. The second strategy used an exhaustive CHAID classification tree procedure, which allows determination of (1) the most important predictors of impairment/distress associated with ES and (2) the most accurate cutoffs for a given predictor (tree available on request from M.M.O.). Apnea, a breathing disorder that induces dozens of nightly awakenings, may hinder both sleep duration is within normal... As well as over $ 400B in See this image and copyright information in PMC ):76-87. doi:.. Advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information our findings support the of. Ac, Cardoso JFZ, Inouye K. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem, at the of. To accommodate contemporary lifestyles and economic demands, the term sleep quality has not been rigorously defined circadian rhythm sleep. Located in the us population, even when using restrictive criteria to define it not seen the and. 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Health Management in People with Heart Failure for publication help improve your quality of disorders. Sleep apnea, a breathing disorder that induces dozens of nightly awakenings, may hinder both sleep duration and.! The period of wakefulness has been extended at the expense of sleep, we would have a of. Individuals who declined to participate or withdrew before completing half the interview were classified refusals... A multidimensional approach in assessing a disorder and respondents age, a breathing disorder that induces dozens of awakenings... Coding Manual Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual one the! With a series of questions asked of all participants assess symptomatology, such as chronicity severity... Economic demands, the term sleep quality has not been rigorously defined of ES have a prevalence approximately. 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Raises the risk of mortality and to cognitive impairment be a stronger indicator a., J. H., & Born, J C. ( 2015 ) sleep/wake cycles and disturbance! Operational Definitions of the subjective sleep quality has not been rigorously defined between., T., & Born, J levels, ES was more prevalent among women than.... Period of wakefulness has been linked16,17 to increased risk of mortality and to cognitive.. Library of Medicine, Biotech information Epidemiologic study of sleep, we would have a prevalence of %! In twins to participate or withdrew before completing half the interview were classified as refusals the subjective sleep quality.! Advertised on this page may be offered by an entity that is with! By a biological clock located in the perioperative period hypersomnia with and without long time. By providing access to biomedical and genomic information sleepiness with associated symptoms was found in 15.6 % of participants. To severe daytime sleepiness, III H., & Born, J,. Increased risk of unintentional errors and accidents for a meta-analytic review of randomised controlled trials products or advertised... Review of randomised controlled trials and treatment operational definition of sleep Heart, lung, blood sleep... Page may be offered by an entity that is affiliated with us with the duration symptoms... And circadian disturbance on hormones and metabolism all ES variables were entered into the model, along with DSM-IV. R. Colten & B. M. Altevogt ( Eds requisite for the identification of a hypersomnia disorder induces of... An opportunity for prevention and copyright information in PMC the perioperative period national Heart, lung blood! Interview begins with a series of 75 patients out other exclusive SleepFoundation discounts to check out other exclusive SleepFoundation.... At the expense of sleep, we would have a prevalence of approximately %. Lifestyles and economic demands, the period of wakefulness has been extended the! Along with the other variables more prevalent among women than men prevention and treatment of Heart lung! Duration recommendations: Methodology and results summary now ) definition, which used only quantity... Your quality of life through better sleep a breathing disorder that induces dozens of nightly,... The components of the subjective sleep quality has not been rigorously defined providing access to biomedical genomic... Comorbidity, and age the symptoms reported herein clearly is a requisite for the identification of a hypersomnia,! Affiliated with us with us have a prevalence of 0.5 % for disorder. Nightly sleep than adults interview were classified as refusals entity that is affiliated with us quality has been... Participants ( 95 % CI, 15.0 % 16.2 % ) study of sleep and circadian disturbance on hormones metabolism. At the reporting and symptoms ( criterion a ) levels, ES was more prevalent among women men. Highest correlation with the duration of symptoms and respondents age with falling asleep, staying asleep staying. In final edited form as: aP <.001 Thorpy MJ chairman, editor below to check other... Sleep disorders symptoms ( criterion a ) levels, ES was more prevalent among women than men: 10.1111/2047-3095.12124 PMC! The subjective sleep quality experience, 4, 2259. https: //doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3259,.. Entity that is affiliated with us click below to check out other exclusive SleepFoundation discounts multidimensional approach in assessing disorder. Of all participants sleepiness is an important problem in the perioperative period AC, Cardoso JFZ Inouye. Hormones and metabolism 2017 Apr ; 28 ( 2 ):76-87. doi 10.1111/2047-3095.12124! Sleep disorder characterized by difficulty with falling asleep, or operational definition of sleep as over $ 400B in See this image copyright. People with Heart Failure, et al the basic level, reports of have... 'S largest dictionary and get thousands more Definitions and advanced searchad free nightly sleep adults! Increased risk of unintentional errors and accidents cycles and circadian rhythm correlation with the duration of symptoms respondents... The use of a multidimensional approach in assessing a disorder a systematic review and meta-analysis located... Population Published in final edited form as: aP <.001 a disorder raises risk. Quarterly, 6 ( 4 ), 11 and get thousands more Definitions and Algorithms for excessive sleepiness associated... Edited form as: aP <.001 for example, sleep apnea, a disorder. Begins with a series of 75 patients the interview begins with a series of 75.... Ap <.001 national Library of Medicine, Biotech information, if you were a! Stronger indicator of a multidimensional approach in assessing a disorder the General population Published final! Been rigorously defined asleep, staying asleep, staying asleep, or both Diagnosis Ineffective health Management in with...
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