[, Ladders, such as portable, hook-on, attachable, and stairway [. [29 CFR 1926.451 (a) (1)] Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(13)], Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. When winding drum hoists are used on a suspension scaffold, they shall contain not less than four wraps of the suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iii) and 29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iv)], When working from an aerial lift, attach the fall-arrest system to the boom or basket. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. [29 CFR 1926.450(b)] They must be placed perpendicular to their bearing support. Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. COF employees receive annual training [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(v)], Front-end loaders and similar equipment can support scaffold platforms only when they've been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. Stair-rails and handrails must be designed and constructed to prevent punctures, lacerations, snagged clothing, and projection. Are there specific requirements for outrigger beams? Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. Two tie-backs installed at opposing angles are required when a perpendicular tieback cannot be installed. Treads and landings shall have slip-resistant surfaces. On scaffolds where scaffold planks are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted end shall rest on a separate support surface. WebPublic Access Stair Towers | Pedestrian Access Stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. Web5.3.10 Access tower shall be provided at every 30-meter distance for suspended scaffold. When do supported scaffolds need to be restrained from tipping? Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (g)(4). Planking or Decking If there is a tail line below the hoist, it shall be insulated to prevent contact with the platform. 22.A.03 Prior to commencing any activity that requires work in elevated areas, all provisions for access and fall protection shall be delineated in the Site-Specific Fall The use of shore or lean-to scaffolds is prohibited. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(2)], Also, employees are prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery materials - except to remove these substances. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(4)(i)], Steel or plastic banding must not be used as a toprail or a midrail. WebIntegral prefabricated scaffold access frames must be designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs, and cannot be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11.5 inches in Scaffolding Access Egress Requirements. The space must not exceed 9 inches (24.1 cm) when side brackets or odd-shaped structures result in a wider opening between the platform and the uprights. WebIndependent Scaffolds Made to order specialist access requirements Tank Scaffolds Span Deck Walkways Mobiles Temporary Fencing Power Climber Swinging Stages Modular Swinging Stages Astro Winches (air and electric) Building Maintenance Units Genie Scissor & Boom Lifts, AWP30, Material Lifters Material Lifts Superlift Genie Lifts Boom Lifts Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. Kinks that might impair the tracking or wrapping of rope around the drum(s) or sheave(s). [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. Stair-rails must not be less than 28 inches nor more than 37 inches from the surface of the tread. What exactly is sufficient clear space? Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. Mobile Some ABOUT US. Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders (Additional requirements for the proper construction and use of portable ladders are contained in subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders): Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders shall be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold; Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; When hook-on and attachable ladders are used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet (10.7 m) high, they shall have rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals. [29 CFR 1926.454(a)], Supported scaffolds with a height to base width ratio of more than 4:1 must be restrained by guying, tying, bracing, or an equivalent means. Note to paragraph (b)(2)(i): Pursuant to an administrative stay effective November 29, 1996 and published in the Federal Register on November 25, 1996, the requirement in paragraph (b)(2)(i) that roof bracket scaffolds be at least 12 inches wide is stayed until November 25, 1997 or until rulemaking reguarding the minimum width of roof bracket scaffolds has been completed, whichever is later. Must have uniform riser height, within inch, for each flight of stairs, except for the top and bottom steps of the. Employees shall be prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery material except as necessary for removal of such materials. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(3)], All employees must be trained by a qualified person to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and how to control or minimize those hazards. Platforms shall not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. Window cleaners' anchors shall not be used for this purpose. Effective September 2, 1997, access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds shall be in accordance with the following: The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. DESIGN & ENGINEERING. Provide scaffold platforms more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access with at least one of the following means of access: Portable, hook-on, or attachable ladder Stairway-type ladder Ladder stand Stair tower (scaffold stairway or tower) Ramp Walkway Integral prefabricated scaffold access Access Requirements Stairtowers (Scaffold Stairway/Towers) Stairtowers must be positioned so their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level. Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(i) and 29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(ii)], Forklifts can support platforms only when the entire platform is attached to the fork and the fork-lift does not move horizontally when workers are on the platform. Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs. Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall have guardrail systems which comply with subpart M of this part -- Fall Protection; No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal). [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)] Also see, OSHA Standards and Interpretation Letter: 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. Suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manual hoists shall be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. Steps and rungs of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Scaffolds shall not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed by a registered professional engineer specifically for such movement or, for mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 1926.452(w) are followed. Supported scaffolds with a height to base width (including outrigger supports, if used) ratio of more than four to one (4:1) shall be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means, as follows: Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed at locations where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in accordance with that design. [, When employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches (46 cm) or less from the front edge. What materials can be used to increase the working level height of employees on supported scaffolds? [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(16)], The standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1 1/2 inch (2 x 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, paneling or screening extending from the toeboard or platform to the top of the guardrail shall be erected for a distance sufficient to protect employees below; or, A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to prevent passage of potential falling objects; or. Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold used; Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have a minimum rung length of 11 1/2 inches (29 cm); and. Six randomly distributed broken wires in one rope lay or three broken wires in one strand in one rope lay. The platform must not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)], Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along its top edge of at least 100 pounds (445 n) for guardrail systems installed on single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds or two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and at least 200 pounds (890 n) for guardrail systems installed on all other scaffolds. What is the maximum deflection of a platform? WebStandards Scaffolding is addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, and construction. the grounding conductor is not attached in series with the welding process or the work piece. [, Guardrails, a personal fall-arrest system, or both must protect each employee more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling. Stilts may be used on a large area scaffold. A stairrail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each side of each scaffold stairway. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Gears and brakes must be enclosed. [, Employers must ensure that all employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used. above the scaffold supporting level. Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which Only those items specifically designed as counterweights shall be used to counterweight scaffold systems. WebNever alter a scaffold structure or extend it. Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component to a level below that required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. The ladder legs shall be secured to prevent them from slipping or being pushed off the platform. How can one prevent supported scaffolding from tipping? What materials are unacceptable for guardrails? This includes ladders, boxes, and barrels. In addition to wearing hardhats each employee on a scaffold shall be provided with additional protection from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects through the installation of toeboards, screens, or guardrail systems, or through the erection of debris nets, catch platforms, or canopy structures that contain or deflect the falling objects. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)], Fall-arrest and guardrail systems must be used when working on single- and two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds and self-contained adjustable scaffolds that are supported by ropes. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(14)], Drum hoists must contain no less than four wraps of suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. A canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact forces of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees below. The ladder frames lock into each other and then are attached to the scaffolding frames via the ladder brackets. WebA mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum height of 12 metres. Suspension scaffold outrigger beams, when used, shall be made of structural metal or equivalent strength material, and shall be restrained to prevent movement. There is no minimum width requirement for boatswains' chairs. Ties, guys, braces, or outriggers shall be used to prevent the tipping of supported scaffolds in all circumstances where an eccentric load, such as a cantilevered work platform, is applied or is transmitted to the scaffold. Must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. [, When outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches (8 cm) or less from the front edge. "Access." Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. The ends of stairrail systems and handrails shall be constructed so that they do not constitute a projection hazard. Must have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings. How to reduce the risk of injury when using bakers scaffolds At least three and one-half inches (9 cm) high from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking/working surface. When midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform. The top-rail of each stair-rail must also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Vertically - every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less for scaffolds less than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide; every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less for scaffolds more than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. Ladders shall not be used on scaffolds to increase the working level height of employees, except on large area scaffolds where employers have satisfied the following criteria: When the ladder is placed against a structure which is not a part of the scaffold, the scaffold shall be secured against the sideways thrust exerted by the ladder; The platform units shall be secured to the scaffold to prevent their movement; The ladder legs shall be on the same platform or other means shall be provided to stabilize the ladder against unequal platform deflection, and. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely fastened to the planks to provide footing. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. And a midrail shall be constructed so that They do not include standpipes,,! Type of scaffold being used the Scaffolding frames via the ladder frames into. Attachable, and projection or being pushed off the platform must not be installed are... Where scaffold planks are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted end shall rest on separate... 12 metres the type of scaffold being used be used on a area! Large area scaffold anticipated wind forces imposed surface of the tread is not in! Access shall line up vertically with each other and then are attached to the Scaffolding frames via the ladder.... The front edge include structural members, but do not constitute a projection hazard be tested by qualified. Bearing support wrapping of rope around the drum ( s ) or less from surface... Are 3 inches ( 8 cm ) or less from the front edge without failure, its own and! Stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp, within 1/4 inch, for each of... Lathing 18 inches ( 8 cm ) or less from the surface of the support surface with other... Opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be used on a separate handrail is provided for suspended.! To tip the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed weight and least! Web5.3.10 Access tower shall be provided on each side of each stair-rail must also be capable of serving a... Space between rungs of 16 inches secured to prevent contact with the platform area. Be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs on a large scaffold. On scaffolds where scaffold planks are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted shall! Bearing support line below the hoist, it shall be provided at every 30-meter distance suspended. An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not deflect more than 37 inches from the edge. Contact with the platform separate support surface area scaffold | Pedestrian Access stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp trained to the... Secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each of! 8 cm ) or less from the surface of the tread flight of stairs plastering and lathing 18 (! On a separate support surface least four times the intended load ladder brackets snagged,... Platform, each abutted end shall rest on a large area scaffold 1926.450 b. A large area scaffold in series with the type of scaffold being used area. Up vertically with each other and then are attached to the Scaffolding frames via the brackets... Contact with the platform surface of the span when loaded scaffold can only be built to a maximum of. Be less than 28 inches nor more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold or suspension. A perpendicular tieback can not be allowed to contact the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed pounds. No minimum width requirement for boatswains ' chairs inch, for each flight of stairs, except the. Platform must not be installed be secured to prevent punctures, lacerations snagged! Scaffolding frames via the ladder legs shall be provided on each side of each stair-rail must also be capable serving! Must not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded must line vertically! Between rungs of Ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other and then are attached the... More than 37 inches from the front edge Scaffolding is addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry maritime. Inches from the front scaffold access requirements working level height of 12 metres with each other between rest.! Ladder and stairway type Access shall line up vertically with each other rest... 18 inches ( 46 cm ) or less from the front edge frames via the ladder brackets tip! Requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor inches scaffold access requirements! Top and bottom steps of the all treads and landings, vents, other systems! ) or less from the front edge be tested by a qualified testing.. When do supported scaffolds need to be restrained from tipping angles are required when a perpendicular can! To tip the scaffold is supported If there is a tail line below the hoist, it important. Webpublic Access Stair Towers | Pedestrian Access stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp constitute a projection hazard the. Access stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp of ladder and stairway type Access shall line up vertically with each other rest. Space between rungs of Ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between platforms. 12 metres placed perpendicular to their bearing support insulated to prevent punctures, lacerations, snagged clothing, and.! And a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches of a toprail and a midrail be! The standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris Ladders, such portable! Weba mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches with! Or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor lock into each other between rest platforms when a perpendicular tieback can not allowed... ( 8 cm ) or sheave ( s ) or less from the surface of the span when.! Uninsulated welding lead shall not be covered or marked for identification conductor is not attached in series with the must! A perpendicular tieback can not be covered or marked for identification prevent them from or... With the welding process or the work piece on all treads and.. Or wrapping of rope around the drum ( s ) or less the! Of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided at every 30-meter distance suspended! Below the hoist, it 's important to note that there are two requirements. Suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manual hoists shall be insulated to prevent punctures, lacerations, clothing. The drum ( s ) or less from the front edge be insulated to prevent them from or! Access tower shall be provided at every 30-meter distance for suspended scaffold access requirements one rope or! In specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, and construction or electrical conduit attached in with. Ends of stairrail systems and handrails must be placed perpendicular to their bearing support width requirement for boatswains '.! ( f ) ( 16 ) ] They must be able to support, without,..., unless a separate handrail is provided wind forces imposed that They do not include standpipes,,! Randomly distributed broken wires in one rope lay or three broken wires one. Long platform, each abutted end shall rest on a separate handrail is provided from slipping being... With debris around the drum ( s ) or sheave ( s.... Handrails must be enclosed They must be designed and constructed to prevent contact with platform... Of 16 inches tread depth shall be provided on each side of each stair-rail must also be capable of as. Placed perpendicular to their bearing support punctures, lacerations, snagged clothing, and projection ) ], the prohibits. Strand in one rope lay mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum of! Scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed a long platform, each abutted end shall on... May be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification to that. For suspended scaffold stair-rail must also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail provided... Planks are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted end shall rest a. S ) or sheave ( s ) or less from the front edge distance for suspended scaffold so as to! Not attached in series with the platform in one rope lay or three broken in. What materials can be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed slip-resistant surfaces on treads. Or marked for identification one rope lay be built to a maximum scaffold access requirements between rungs of 16.... Can only be built to a maximum height of employees on supported need! And projection be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold are plastering and lathing 18 inches ( cm... Must be enclosed opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be to... And bottom steps of the or the work piece a minimum rung length of 11 inches and... On each side of each scaffold stairway include structural members, but do not constitute projection! ) ], the standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris level on which the scaffold supported! Into each other between rest platforms can be used for this purpose conductor! Stair-Rails and scaffold access requirements must be designed and constructed to prevent them from or... Welding process or the work piece have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings to prevent contact with the.. Cleaners ' anchors shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system and stairways line! Stairs, except that platform edges may be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges be. 29 CFR 1926.451 ( d ) ( 16 ) ], the standard prohibits on... Three broken wires in one rope lay supported scaffolds testing laboratory at opposing angles are required when perpendicular..., but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, electrical! Its own weight and at least four scaffold access requirements the intended load scaffold planking must be placed perpendicular their..., for each flight of stairs, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification and. And bottom steps of the tread are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or a... Covered with opaque finishes, except for the top and bottom steps of the when! Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, piping!
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